I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ma ke ʻano he ʻano hou o ka huahana paʻa,nā kui hoʻohuiua loaʻa koke ka ʻike makeke a me ka makemake o ka mea kūʻai aku ma muli o kā lākou mau hiʻohiʻona mālama hana, kūpono, kūpono a palekana, a ua hōʻike i kahi ʻano hoʻomohala wikiwiki. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ke ʻano hoʻopaʻa paʻa bolt hoʻonui kuʻuna, ʻelua mau mea maikaʻi loa.
ʻO ka mea mua, loaʻa i ka nail integrated kona mana ponoʻī a ʻaʻole pono e hoʻopili ʻia i ka uila a i ʻole ke kinoea. He māmā a hiki ke hoʻopau i ka hana hoʻopaʻa me ka ponopu kui kuia me ka mea hoʻopaʻa paʻa.
ʻO ka lua, ʻaʻohe pono o ka wili kiʻekiʻe, kūpono a wikiwiki hoʻi ke kūkulu ʻana, haʻahaʻa ka ikaika o ka hana, hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻia ke kūkulu ʻana (ʻoi aku ma mua o 20 mau manawa), a ua hoʻemi nui ʻia nā kumukūʻai kūkulu.
I kēia manawa, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā kui i hoʻohui ʻia ma ka mākeke i ʻekolu mau ʻāpana e like me kā lākou mau ʻāpana: binary explosive integrated nails, nitrocellulose integrated nails, a“pahū nui-base”nā kui hoʻohui. No laila, he aha nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o kēia mau ʻano o nā kui i hoʻohui ʻia, a pehea mākou e koho ai?
Huina
1.1mea pahū papalua ua haku ʻia nā nitrocellulose (NC, ʻike ʻia ʻo nitrocellulose) a me ka nitroglycerin (NG), ka hapa nui ma ke ʻano granular. ʻōniʻoniʻomea pahū papalua Pono e hana ʻia me ka nitrocellulose e hoʻokō i nā koi o GJB 3204A-2020 a me nitroglycerine e hoʻokō i nā koi o GJB 2012-1994 ma ke ʻano he kumu nui, a ʻaʻole pono e loaʻa nā detonator, nā pauka metala, nā catalysts combustion, nā pahū paʻa a me nā oxidants pāpā ʻia. Hoʻoholo ʻia e ka mokuʻāina. Loaʻa iā ia nā hiʻohiʻona o ka ikehu kiʻekiʻe, haʻahaʻa hygroscopicity, kūpaʻa kino maikaʻi, a me ka hana ballistic paʻa.
1.2 ʻO ka nitrocellulose (ʻike pū ʻia ʻo ka pahū kumu hoʻokahi) i haku ʻia me ka nitrocellulose a ʻo ka hapa nui he cylindrical. Pono e hana ʻia nā mea pahū hoʻokahi-base cylindrical i ka nitrocellulose e kū ana i nā koi o GJB 3204A-2020 ma ke ʻano he kumu nui, me ka ʻike nitrogen ʻaʻole i emi iho ma mua o 12.60%. ʻAʻole pono lākou i loko o nā detonator, nā pauka metala, nā mea hoʻoheheʻe ahi, nā mea pahū paʻa a i ʻole nā mea oxidants a me nā mea ikehu i pāpā ʻia e ka mokuʻāina. He mea maʻalahi.
1.3 ʻO ka“nā mea pahū kumu nui”hoʻohui maoli i nā mea hoʻonui i ka ikehu, nā oxidants ikaika, a me ka nickel hydrazine nitrate (he oxidant i pāpā ʻia e ka mokuʻāina) a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i nā pauka kumu hoʻokahi e hoʻomaikaʻi i kā lākou huahana a loaʻa ka hopena omea pahū papalua. . ʻO ke kumu nui, ʻo ia ka haʻahaʻa o ka naikokene o ka nitrocellulose i hoʻohana ʻia ma mua o 12.60%. ʻOi loa ke hui pū ʻia me nā detonator a me ka pauda kumu hoʻokahi, ka palekana a me ka paʻa o ka“nā mea pahū kumu nui”ilihune loa. ʻO ka nui o nā pōʻino palekana i loaʻa ma ka ʻāina i nā makahiki ʻekolu i hala iho nei he mau haʻawina ʻeha. ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā oxidants pāpā ʻia paha he hewa a hewa paha. No laila, ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻano pahū ʻekolu,mea pahū papalua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a ʻoi aku ka palekana a me ke kūpaʻa.
Ka nana aku
2.1 He ʻeleʻele iki ke ʻano o ke kui pahū pahū ʻelua.
2.2 ʻO nā kui i hoʻohui ʻia o ka nitrocellulose a me "nā mea pahū nui”maʻemaʻe ka helehelena a ʻaʻohe haumia, me nā waihoʻoluʻu ʻulaʻula a me ke keʻokeʻo.
2.3 ʻO ka pahū o ka binary explosive integrated nail aia ma ke ʻano o nā granules.
2.4 Nitrocellulose a i kapa ʻia“mea pahū nui”ʻO nā kui i hoʻohui ʻia he cylindrical ka nui.
hana
Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻano ʻelua ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke kumukūʻai hana o nā kui pahū binary, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kona palekana a me kāna hana, ʻike ʻia ma nā ʻano ʻehā.
3.1 Loaʻa iā ia ka mana kiʻekiʻe, ke kūlike maikaʻi, ka hana paʻa a me nā hiʻohiʻona noi ākea. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻokō i nā kaiapuni hoʻohana like ʻole, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hiʻohiʻona mana kiʻekiʻe, e hana ana i ke koho maikaʻi loa.
3.2 Palekana kiʻekiʻe, aia ka detonator ma lalo o ka pūpū a koi i kahi ʻano kikoʻī e hoʻopau. Eia naʻe, ka mea e noho nei i kapa ʻia“nā mea pahū nui”e hoʻohui i nā ʻāpana detonator i nā mea pahū, e koi ana i ka hana kiʻekiʻe, ka lawe ʻana, ka mālama ʻana a me ka hoʻohana. Hiki i kekahi extrusion a i ʻole ka hopena i kēia mau kaʻina hana ke kumu i nā pōʻino palekana koʻikoʻi a lilo i mau pōʻino palekana nui.
3.3 He kūpaʻa maikaʻi ka huahana.mea pahū papalua loaʻa i ka makū kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, ʻaʻole e komo i ka makū i ka lewa, a ʻaneʻane ʻaʻole loa e puhi i ke ahi. ʻO ka mea i kapa ʻia“nā mea pahū nui”he hygroscopic loa a hiki ole ke pahū, e hana hewa. Ma muli o ka hopena exothermic i hana ʻia i ka wā e hoʻomoʻa ʻia ai ka makū, aia ka pilikia o ka puhi ʻana ma lalo o kekahi mau kūlana wela.
3.4mea pahū papalua ʻoluʻolu loa i nā pū kui, ʻaʻole ʻino, a ʻaʻole koho i nā mea hana, ʻoiai ʻo ia ka mea i kapa ʻia.“nā mea pahū kumu nui”hoʻopau loa i nā pū kui a hoʻohana ʻole i nā mea hana, no laila e pili ana i ka pono o ke kūkulu ʻana a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā kumukūʻai. ʻO nā pōʻino make loa, ʻo ia ka ʻino o nā kui a me nā kaula hao. ʻO ke kī i nā kumu hana hoʻopaʻa a pau, ʻo ia ka lōʻihi a me ka manawa o nā kui a me nā kaula hao. Ma muli o ka corrosion, maʻalahi ke hāʻule a hāʻule paha, e lilo ai ka waiwai a i ʻole ke ola, ʻo ia ka mea e like me ka hewa!
Ka hopena
I loko o ka mōʻaukala o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā pū a me nā mea kaua a puni ka honua, ʻo ka primer + explosive kiʻina hana ʻo ia nō ke ʻano kuʻuna mua loa o ke kanaka. ʻO nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe, e like me ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā detonator me nā mea pahū, nele i ka ʻepekema a me ka pono. Ma muli o kona mau hiʻohiʻona.mea pahū papalua ua hōʻoia ʻia no nā haneli mau makahiki a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ma ke ʻano o ka palekana, kūpaʻa a me ka hilinaʻi.
No laila, ke koho ʻana i ka pahū papaluahui pū ʻia ʻO nā kui ke koho maikaʻi loa a naʻauao loa!
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻAukake-27-2024
